Title
Antiretroviral Hydrophobic Core Graft-Copolymer Nanoparticles: The Effectiveness against Mutant HIV-1 Strains and in Vivo Distribution after Topical Application
UMMS Affiliation
Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Probes, Department of Radiology
Publication Date
2019-03-27
Document Type
Article
Disciplines
Enzymes and Coenzymes | Immune System Diseases | Immunology and Infectious Disease | Nanomedicine | Pharmaceutical Preparations | Radiology | Therapeutics | Virus Diseases | Viruses
Abstract
PURPOSE: Developing and testing of microbicides for pre-exposure prophylaxis and post-exposure protection from HIV are on the list of major HIV/AIDS research priorities. To improve solubility and bioavailability of highly potent anti-retroviral drugs, we explored the use of a nanoparticle (NP) for formulating a combination of two water-insoluble HIV inhibitors.
METHODS: The combination of a non-nucleoside HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI), Efavirenz (EFV), and an inhibitor of HIV integrase, Elvitegravir (ELV) was stabilized with a graft copolymer of methoxypolyethylene glycol-polylysine with a hydrophobic core (HC) composed of fatty acids (HC-PGC). Formulations were tested in TZM-bl cells infected either with wild-type HIV-1IIIB, or drug-resistant HIV-1 strains. In vivo testing of double-labeled NP formulations was performed in female rats after a topical intravaginal administration using SPECT/CT imaging and fluorescence microscopy.
RESULTS: We observed a formation of stable 23-30 nm NP with very low cytotoxicity when EFV and ELV were combined with HC-PGC at a 1:10 weight ratio. For NP containing ELV and EFV (at 1:1 by weight) we observed a remarkable improvement of EC50 of EFV by 20 times in the case of A17 strain. In vivo imaging and biodistribution showed in vivo presence of NP components at 24 and 48 h after administration, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: insoluble orthogonal inhibitors of HIV-1 life cycle may be formulated into the non-aggregating ultrasmall NP which are highly efficient against NNRTI-resistant HIV-1 variant.
Keywords
HIV integrase, HIV reverse transcriptase, imaging, inhibitor, nanoparticle
DOI of Published Version
10.1007/s11095-019-2604-9
Source
Pharm Res. 2019 Mar 27;36(5):73. doi: 10.1007/s11095-019-2604-9. Link to article on publisher's site
Journal/Book/Conference Title
Pharmaceutical research
Related Resources
PubMed ID
30919089
Repository Citation
Leporati, Anita M.; Gupta, Suresh; Bolotin, Elijah; Castillo, Gerardo; Alfaro, Joshua; Gottikh, Marina B.; and Bogdanov, Alexei A. Jr., "Antiretroviral Hydrophobic Core Graft-Copolymer Nanoparticles: The Effectiveness against Mutant HIV-1 Strains and in Vivo Distribution after Topical Application" (2019). Radiology Publications and Presentations. 477.
https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/radiology_pubs/477