Title
Cortical gray matter differences identified by structural magnetic resonance imaging in pediatric bipolar disorder
UMMS Affiliation
Department of Psychiatry
Publication Date
2005-12-13
Document Type
Article
Subjects
Adolescent; Bipolar Disorder; Brain Mapping; Case-Control Studies; Cerebral Cortex; Child; Female; Functional Laterality; Humans; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; *Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Multivariate Analysis; Regression Analysis
Disciplines
Psychiatry
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Few magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of bipolar disorder (BPD) have investigated the entire cerebral cortex. Cortical gray matter (GM) volume deficits have been reported in some studies of adults with BPD; this study assessed the presence of such deficits in children with BPD.
METHODS: Thirty-two youths with DSM-IV BPD (mean age 11.2 +/- 2.8 years) and 15 healthy controls (HC) (11.2 +/- 3.0 years) had structured and clinical interviews, neurological examinations, neurocognitive testing, and MRI scanning on a 1.5 T GE Scanner. Image parcellation divided the neocortex into 48 gyral-based units per hemisphere, and these units were combined into frontal (FL), temporal (TL), parietal (PL), and occipital (OL) lobe volumes. Volumetric differences were examined using univariate linear regression models with alpha = 0.05.
RESULTS: Relative to controls, the BPD youth had significantly smaller bilateral PL, and left TL. Analysis of PL and TL gyri showed significantly smaller volume in bilateral postcentral gyrus, and in left superior temporal and fusiform gyri, while the parahippocampal gyri were bilaterally increased in the BPD group. Although the FL overall did not differ between groups, an exploratory analysis showed that the right middle frontal gyrus was also significantly smaller in the BPD group.
CONCLUSIONS: Children with BPD showed deficits in PL and TL cortical GM. Further analyses of the PL and TL found differences in areas involved in attentional control, facial recognition, and verbal and declarative memory. These cortical deficits may reflect early age of illness onset.
DOI of Published Version
10.1111/j.1399-5618.2005.00258.x
Source
Bipolar Disord. 2005 Dec;7(6):555-69. Link to article on publisher's site
Journal/Book/Conference Title
Bipolar disorders
Related Resources
PubMed ID
16403181
Repository Citation
Frazier, Jean A.; Breeze, Janis L.; Makris, Nikos; Giuliano, Anthony J.; Herbert, Martha R.; Seidman, Larry J.; Biederman, Joseph; Hodge, Steven M.; Dieterich, Megan E.; Gerstein, Emily D.; Kennedy, David N.; Rauch, Scott L.; Cohen, Bruce M.; and Caviness, Verne S. Jr., "Cortical gray matter differences identified by structural magnetic resonance imaging in pediatric bipolar disorder" (2005). Psychiatry Publications and Presentations. 401.
https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/psych_pp/401
