Title
Regulation of renin processing and secretion: chemiosmotic control and novel secretory pathway
UMMS Affiliation
Department of Psychiatry; Department of Physiology
Publication Date
1993-08-01
Document Type
Article
Subjects
Animals; Biological Transport; *Carbohydrate Epimerases; Carrier Proteins; Cytoplasmic Granules; Enzyme Precursors; Enzymes; Humans; Ion Channels; Osmosis; Receptors, Cell Surface; Renin; Signal Transduction
Disciplines
Psychiatry
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) plays an important role in cardiovascular and electrolyte regulation in health and disease. Juxtaglomerular cells in the kidney regulate endocrine RAAS by physiologically controlling conversion of prorenin and secretion of renin. The classical baroceptor, neurogenic, and macula densa mechanisms regulate renin expression at the cellular level by Ca2+, adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP), and chemiosmotic forces (K+, Cl-, and water flux coupled to H+ movement). The baroceptor mechanism (through Ca2+) activates K+ and Cl- channels in the surface membrane and deactivates a KCl-H+ exchange chemiosmotic transporter in the secretory granular membrane. The neurogenic mechanism (through cAMP) promotes prorenin processing to renin. The macula densa mechanism (through K+ and Cl-) involves the processing of prorenin to renin. Ca2+, by inhibiting the KCl-H+ exchange transporter, prevents secretory granules from engaging in chemiosmotically mediated exocytosis. cAMP, on the other hand, by stimulating H+ influx, provides the acidic granular environment for prorenin processing to renin. It is concluded that, in the presence of a favorable chemiosmotic environment, prorenin is processed to renin, which may then be secreted by regulative degranulation or divergence translocation, a novel secretory pathway used by several secretory proteins, including renin.
Source
Am J Physiol. 1993 Aug;265(2 Pt 1):C305-20.
Journal/Book/Conference Title
The American journal of physiology
Related Resources
PubMed ID
7690183
Repository Citation
King JA, Lush DJ, Fray J. (1993). Regulation of renin processing and secretion: chemiosmotic control and novel secretory pathway. Psychiatry Publications and Presentations. Retrieved from https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/psych_pp/361