A multicenter randomized controlled trial of nevirapine versus a combination of zidovudine and lamivudine to reduce intrapartum and early postpartum mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1
Authors
Moodley, DhayendreMoodley, Jagidesa
Coovadia, Hoosen
Gray, Glenda
McIntyre, James
Hofmyer, Justus
Nikodem, Cheryl
Hall, David
Gigliotti, Maria
Robinson, Patrick
Boshoff, Lynette
Sullivan, John L.
UMass Chan Affiliations
Department of PediatricsDocument Type
Journal ArticlePublication Date
2003-03-01Keywords
AdultAnti-HIV Agents
Delivery, Obstetric
Drug Therapy, Combination
Female
HIV Infections
*HIV-1
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical
Labor, Obstetric
Lamivudine
Nevirapine
Pregnancy
Pregnancy Complications, Infectious
Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
Treatment Outcome
Zidovudine
Immunology and Infectious Disease
Pediatrics
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
To determine the efficacy and safety of 2 inexpensive and easily deliverable antiretroviral (ARV) regimens for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 during labor and delivery, HIV-infected pregnant women were screened at 11 maternity health institutions in South Africa and were enrolled in an open-label short course ARV regimen of either nevirapine (Nvp) or multiple-dose zidovudine and lamivudine (Zdv/3TC). The overall estimated HIV-1 infection rates in 1307 infants by 8 weeks were 12.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 9.7-15.0) for Nvp and 9.3% (95% CI, 7.0-11.6) for Zdv/3TC (P=.11). Excluding infections detected within 72 h (intrauterine), new HIV-1 infections were detected in 5.7% (95% CI, 3.7-7.8) and 3.6% (95% CI, 2.0-5.3) of infants in the Nvp and Zdv/3TC groups, respectively, in the 8 weeks after birth. There were no drug-related maternal or pediatric serious adverse events. Common complications were obstetrical for mothers (Nvp group, 24.3%; Zdv/3TC group, 26.3%) and respiratory for infants (Nvp group, 16.1%; Zdv/3TC group, 17.0%). This study further confirms the efficacy and safety of short-course ARV regimens in reducing MTCT rates in developing countries.Source
J Infect Dis. 2003 Mar 1;187(5):725-35. Epub 2003 Feb 24. Link to article on publisher's siteDOI
10.1086/367898Permanent Link to this Item
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14038/43444PubMed ID
12599045Related Resources
Link to Article in PubMedae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1086/367898