UMMS Affiliation

Department of Neurology

Publication Date

2021-08-03

Document Type

Article

Disciplines

Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins | Biological Factors | Cardiovascular Diseases | Enzymes and Coenzymes | Nervous System Diseases | Neurology

Abstract

Background

Intravenous alteplase improves outcome after acute ischemic stroke without a benefit in 90-day mortality. There are limited data on whether alteplase is associated with reduced mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF)-related ischemic stroke whose mortality rate is relatively high. We sought to determine the association of alteplase with hemorrhagic transformation and mortality in patients with AF.

Methods and Results

We retrospectively analyzed consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke between 2015 and 2018 diagnosed with AF included in the IAC (Initiation of Anticoagulation After Cardioembolic Stroke) study, which pooled data from stroke registries at 8 comprehensive stroke centers across the United States. For our primary analysis, we included patients who did not undergo mechanical thrombectomy (MT), and secondary analyses included patients who underwent MT. We used binary logistic regression to determine whether alteplase use was associated with risk of hemorrhagic transformation and 90-day mortality. There were 1889 patients (90.6%) who had 90-day follow-up data available for analyses and were included; 1367 patients (72.4%) did not receive MT, and 522 patients (27.6%) received MT. In our primary analyses we found that alteplase use was independently associated with an increased risk for hemorrhagic transformation (odds ratio [OR], 2.23; 95% CI, 1.57-3.17) but reduced risk of 90-day mortality (OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.39-0.87). Among patients undergoing MT, alteplase use was not associated with a significant reduction in 90-day mortality (OR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.45-1.04).

Conclusions

Alteplase reduced 90-day mortality of patients with acute ischemic stroke with AF not undergoing MT. Further study is required to assess the efficacy of alteplase in patients with AF undergoing MT.

Keywords

alteplase, atrial fibrillation, mortality, stroke, thrombectomy

Rights and Permissions

Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published on behalf of the American Heart Association, Inc., by Wiley. This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

DOI of Published Version

10.1161/JAHA.121.020945

Source

Yaghi S, Mistry E, de Havenon A, Leon Guerrero CR, Nouh A, Liberman AL, Giles J, Liu A, Nagy M, Kaushal A, Azher I, Mac Grory B, Fakhri H, Brown Espaillat K, Asad SD, Pasupuleti H, Martin H, Tan J, Veerasamy M, Esenwa C, Cheng N, Moncrieffe K, Moeini-Naghani I, Siddu M, Scher E, Trivedi T, Wu T, Khan M, Keyrouz S, Furie K, Henninger N. Effect of Alteplase Use on Outcomes in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: Analysis of the Initiation of Anticoagulation After Cardioembolic Stroke Study. J Am Heart Assoc. 2021 Aug 3;10(15):e020945. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.121.020945. Epub 2021 Jul 29. PMID: 34323120; PMCID: PMC8475683. Link to article on publisher's site

Journal/Book/Conference Title

Journal of the American Heart Association

Comments

Full author list omitted for brevity. For the full list of authors, see article.

Related Resources

Link to Article in PubMed

PubMed ID

34323120

Creative Commons License

Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 License.

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