UMMS Affiliation
Department of Neurobiology; Freeman Lab
Publication Date
2019-07-03
Document Type
Article
Disciplines
Neuroscience and Neurobiology
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential in long axons to provide metabolic support and sustain neuron integrity. A healthy mitochondrial pool is maintained by biogenesis, transport, mitophagy, fission, and fusion, but how these events are regulated in axons is not well defined. Here, we show that the Drosophila glutathione S-transferase (GST) Gfzf prevents mitochondrial hyperfusion in axons. Gfzf loss altered redox balance between glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and initiated mitochondrial fusion through the coordinated action of Mfn and Opa1. Gfzf functioned epistatically with the thioredoxin peroxidase Jafrac1 and the thioredoxin reductase 1 TrxR-1 to regulate mitochondrial dynamics. Altering GSH:GSSG ratios in mouse primary neurons in vitro also induced hyperfusion. Mitochondrial changes caused deficits in trafficking, the metabolome, and neuronal physiology. Changes in GSH and oxidative state are associated with neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's. Our demonstration that GSTs are key in vivo regulators of axonal mitochondrial length and number provides a potential mechanistic link.
Keywords
Drosophila, Gfzf, axons, glutathione, glutathione S-transferases, marf, mitochondria, mitofusin, neurons, redox
Rights and Permissions
Copyright 2019 The Authors. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
DOI of Published Version
10.1016/j.neuron.2019.04.017
Source
Neuron. 2019 Jul 3;103(1):52-65.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2019.04.017. Epub 2019 May 14. Link to article on publisher's site
Journal/Book/Conference Title
Neuron
Related Resources
PubMed ID
31101394
Repository Citation
Smith, Gaynor A.; Lin, Tzu-Huai; Sheehan, Amy E.; Van der Goes van Naters, Wynand; Neukomm, Lukas J.; Graves, Hillary K.; Bis-Brewer, Dana M.; Zuchner, Stephan; and Freeman, Marc R., "Glutathione S-Transferase Regulates Mitochondrial Populations in Axons through Increased Glutathione Oxidation" (2019). Open Access Articles. 3859.
https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/oapubs/3859
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.