UMMS Affiliation
Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology
Publication Date
2019-04-27
Document Type
Article
Disciplines
Clinical Epidemiology | Diagnosis | Epidemiology | Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications | Immune System Diseases | Infectious Disease | Male Urogenital Diseases | Neoplasms | Virus Diseases | Women's Health
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer is caused by oncogenic human papillomaviruses (HPV) and is one of the most common malignancies in women living in sub-Saharan Africa. Women infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have a higher incidence of cervical cancer, but the full impact on HPV detection is not well understood, and associations of biological and behavioral factors with oncogenic HPV detection have not been fully examined. Therefore, a study was initiated to investigate factors that are associated with oncogenic HPV detection in Kenyan women.
METHODS: Women without cervical dysplasia were enrolled in a longitudinal study. Data from enrollment are presented as a cross-sectional analysis. Demographic and behavioral data was collected, and HPV typing was performed on cervical swabs. HIV-uninfected women (n = 105) and HIV-infected women (n = 115) were compared for demographic and behavioral characteristics using t-tests, Chi-square tests, Wilcoxon sum rank tests or Fisher's exact tests, and for HPV detection using logistic regression or negative binomial models adjusted for demographic and behavioral characteristics using SAS 9.4 software.
RESULTS: Compared to HIV-uninfected women, HIV-infected women were older, had more lifetime sexual partners, were less likely to be married, were more likely to regularly use condoms, and were more likely to have detection of HPV 16, other oncogenic HPV types, and multiple oncogenic types. In addition to HIV, more lifetime sexual partners was associated with a higher number of oncogenic HPV types (aIRR 1.007, 95% CI 1.007-1.012). Greater travel distance to the clinic was associated with increased HPV detection (aOR for detection of > /= 2 HPV types: 3.212, 95% CI 1.206-8.552). Older age (aOR for HPV 16 detection: 0.871, 95% CI 0.764-0.993) and more lifetime pregnancies (aOR for detection of oncogenic HPV types: 0.706, 95% CI, 0.565-0.883) were associated with reduced detection.
CONCLUSION: HIV infection, more lifetime sexual partners, and greater distance to health-care were associated with a higher risk of oncogenic HPV detection, in spite of ART use in those who were HIV-infected. Counseling of women about sexual practices, improved access to health-care facilities, and vaccination against HPV are all potentially important in reducing oncogenic HPV infections.
Keywords
HIV infection, Kenyan women, Oncogenic HPV
Rights and Permissions
© The Author(s). 2019. Open Access: This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
DOI of Published Version
10.1186/s12879-019-3982-7
Source
BMC Infect Dis. 2019 Apr 27;19(1):352. doi: 10.1186/s12879-019-3982-7. Link to article on publisher's site
Journal/Book/Conference Title
BMC infectious diseases
Related Resources
PubMed ID
31029097
Repository Citation
Ermel A, Tonui P, Titus M, Tong Y, Wong N, Ong'echa J, Muthoka K, Kiptoo S, Moormann AM, Hogan J, Mwangi A, Cu-Uvin S, Loehrer PJ, Orang'o O, Brown D. (2019). A cross-sectional analysis of factors associated with detection of oncogenic human papillomavirus in human immunodeficiency virus-infected and uninfected Kenyan women. Open Access Articles. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-019-3982-7. Retrieved from https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/oapubs/3816
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Included in
Clinical Epidemiology Commons, Diagnosis Commons, Epidemiology Commons, Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications Commons, Immune System Diseases Commons, Infectious Disease Commons, Male Urogenital Diseases Commons, Neoplasms Commons, Virus Diseases Commons, Women's Health Commons