UMMS Affiliation
Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology
Publication Date
2019-01-03
Document Type
Article
Disciplines
Bacteria | Bacterial Infections and Mycoses | Ecology and Evolutionary Biology | Genetics and Genomics | Hemic and Immune Systems | Immunology and Infectious Disease | Microbiology
Abstract
Neisseria gonorrhoeae causes the sexually transmitted disease gonorrhea exclusively in humans and uses multiple strategies to infect, including acquisition of host sialic acids that cap and mask lipooligosaccharide termini, while restricting complement activation. We hypothesized that gonococci selectively target human anti-inflammatory sialic acid-recognizing Siglec receptors on innate immune cells to blunt host responses and that pro-inflammatory Siglecs and SIGLEC pseudogene polymorphisms represent host evolutionary adaptations to counteract this interaction. N. gonorrhoeae can indeed engage multiple human but not chimpanzee CD33rSiglecs expressed on innate immune cells and in the genitourinary tract--including Siglec-11 (inhibitory) and Siglec-16 (activating), which we detected for the first time on human cervical epithelium. Surprisingly, in addition to LOS sialic acid, we found that gonococcal porin (PorB) mediated binding to multiple Siglecs. PorB also bound preferentially to human Siglecs and not chimpanzee orthologs, modulating host immune reactions in a human-specific manner. Lastly, we studied the distribution of null SIGLEC polymorphisms in a Namibian cohort with a high prevalence of gonorrhea and found that uninfected women preferentially harbor functional SIGLEC16 alleles encoding an activating immune receptor. These results contribute to the understanding of the human specificity of N. gonorrhoeae and how it evolved to evade the human immune defense.
Keywords
Siglecs, disease biology, evolutionary medicine, gonorrhea, microbial biology, polymorphism, population genetics, sialic acid
Rights and Permissions
© 2018 The Authors. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
DOI of Published Version
10.1111/eva.12744
Source
Evol Appl. 2019 Jan 3;12(2):337-349. doi: 10.1111/eva.12744. eCollection 2019 Feb. Link to article on publisher's site
Journal/Book/Conference Title
Evolutionary applications
Related Resources
PubMed ID
30697344
Repository Citation
Landig CS, Hazel A, Kellman BP, Fong JJ, Schwarz F, Agarwal S, Varki N, Massari P, Lewis NE, Ram S, Varki A. (2019). Evolution of the exclusively human pathogen Neisseria gonorrhoeae: Human-specific engagement of immunoregulatory Siglecs. Open Access Articles. https://doi.org/10.1111/eva.12744. Retrieved from https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/oapubs/3750
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Included in
Bacteria Commons, Bacterial Infections and Mycoses Commons, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, Genetics and Genomics Commons, Hemic and Immune Systems Commons, Immunology and Infectious Disease Commons, Microbiology Commons