Title
Preserving Patient Privacy When Sharing Same-Disease Data
UMMS Affiliation
Department of Orthopedics and Physical Rehabilitation; Department of Medicine, Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine; UMass Worcester Prevention Research Center
Publication Date
10-1-2016
Document Type
Article
Disciplines
Bioethics and Medical Ethics | Biostatistics | Health Information Technology | Health Policy | Public Health
Abstract
Medical and health data are often collected for studying a specific disease. For such same-disease microdata, a privacy disclosure occurs as long as an individual is known to be in the microdata. Individuals in same-disease microdata are thus subject to higher disclosure risk than those in microdata with different diseases. This important problem has been overlooked in data-privacy research and practice, and no prior study has addressed this problem. In this study, we analyze the disclosure risk for the individuals in same-disease microdata and propose a new metric that is appropriate for measuring disclosure risk in this situation. An efficient algorithm is designed and implemented for anonymizing same-disease data to minimize the disclosure risk while keeping data utility as good as possible. An experimental study was conducted on real patient and population data. Experimental results show that traditional reidentification risk measures underestimate the actual disclosure risk for the individuals in same-disease microdata and demonstrate that the proposed approach is very effective in reducing the actual risk for same-disease data. This study suggests that privacy protection policy and practice for sharing medical and health data should consider not only the individuals' identifying attributes but also the health and disease information contained in the data. It is recommended that data-sharing entities employ a statistical approach, instead of the HIPAA's Safe Harbor policy, when sharing same-disease microdata.
Keywords
Data sharing, HIPAA, disclosure risk
DOI of Published Version
10.1145/2956554
Source
ACM J Data Inf Qual. 2016 Oct;7(4). pii: 17. Link to article on publisher's site
Journal/Book/Conference Title
ACM journal of data and information quality
Related Resources
PubMed ID
27867450
Repository Citation
Liu, Xiaoping; Li, Xiao-Bai; Motiwalla, Luvai; Li, Wenjun; Zheng, Hua; and Franklin, Patricia D., "Preserving Patient Privacy When Sharing Same-Disease Data" (2016). Open Access Articles. 2935.
https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/oapubs/2935