Title

Layered reward signalling through octopamine and dopamine in Drosophila

Student Author(s)

Christopher J. Burke; Michael J. Krashes

Academic Program

Neuroscience

UMMS Affiliation

Department of Neurobiology; Waddell Lab; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Neuroscience Program

Publication Date

2012-12-20

Document Type

Article

Disciplines

Neuroscience and Neurobiology

Abstract

Dopamine is synonymous with reward and motivation in mammals. However, only recently has dopamine been linked to motivated behaviour and rewarding reinforcement in fruitflies. Instead, octopamine has historically been considered to be the signal for reward in insects. Here we show, using temporal control of neural function in Drosophila, that only short-term appetitive memory is reinforced by octopamine. Moreover, octopamine-dependent memory formation requires signalling through dopamine neurons. Part of the octopamine signal requires the α-adrenergic-like OAMB receptor in an identified subset of mushroom-body-targeted dopamine neurons. Octopamine triggers an increase in intracellular calcium in these dopamine neurons, and their direct activation can substitute for sugar to form appetitive memory, even in flies lacking octopamine. Analysis of the β-adrenergic-like OCTβ2R receptor reveals that octopamine-dependent reinforcement also requires an interaction with dopamine neurons that control appetitive motivation. These data indicate that sweet taste engages a distributed octopamine signal that reinforces memory through discrete subsets of mushroom-body-targeted dopamine neurons. In addition, they reconcile previous findings with octopamine and dopamine and suggest that reinforcement systems in flies are more similar to mammals than previously thought.

DOI of Published Version

10.1038/nature11614

Source

Nature. 2012 Dec 20;492(7429):433-7. doi: 10.1038/nature11614. Link to article on publisher's website

Journal/Book/Conference Title

Nature

Related Resources

Link to article in PubMed

PubMed ID

23103875

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