Title

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and its metabolites inhibit T lymphocyte proliferation: role of cell surface NAD glycohydrolase and pyrophosphatase activities

UMMS Affiliation

Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; Department of Medicine, Diabetes Division; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism

Publication Date

2001-08-08

Document Type

Article

Disciplines

Life Sciences | Medicine and Health Sciences

Abstract

The presence of NAD-metabolizing enzymes (e.g., ADP-ribosyltransferase (ART)2) on the surface of immune cells suggests a potential immunomodulatory activity for ecto-NAD or its metabolites at sites of inflammation and cell lysis where extracellular levels of NAD may be high. In vitro, NAD inhibits mitogen-stimulated rat T cell proliferation. To investigate the mechanism of inhibition, the effects of NAD and its metabolites on T cell proliferation were studied using ART2a+ and ART2b+ rat T cells. NAD and ADP-ribose, but not nicotinamide, inhibited proliferation of mitogen-activated T cells independent of ART2 allele-specific expression. Inhibition by P2 purinergic receptor agonists was comparable to that induced by NAD and ADP-ribose; these compounds were more potent than P1 agonists. Analysis of the NAD-metabolizing activity of intact rat T cells demonstrated that ADP-ribose was the predominant metabolite, consistent with the presence of cell surface NAD glycohydrolase (NADase) activities. Treatment of T cells with phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C removed much of the NADase activity, consistent with at least one NADase having a GPI anchor; ART2- T cell subsets contained NADase activity that was not releasable by phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C treatment. Formation of AMP from NAD and ADP-ribose also occurred, a result of cell surface pyrophosphatase activity. Because AMP and its metabolite, adenosine, were less inhibitory to rat T cell proliferation than was NAD or ADP-ribose, pyrophosphatases may serve a regulatory role in modifying the inhibitory effect of ecto-NAD on T cell activation. These data suggest that T cells express multiple NAD and adenine nucleotide-metabolizing activities that together modulate immune function.

DOI of Published Version

10.4049/jimmunol.167.4.2049

Source

J Immunol. 2001 Aug 15;167(4):2049-59.

Journal/Book/Conference Title

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)

Related Resources

Link to article in PubMed

PubMed ID

11489987

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