University of Massachusetts Medical School Faculty Publications
Title
Atrial flutter: Clinical risk factors and adverse outcomes in the Framingham Heart Study
UMMS Affiliation
Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine
Publication Date
2016-01-01
Document Type
Article
Disciplines
Cardiology | Cardiovascular Diseases | Clinical Epidemiology | Epidemiology
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Few epidemiologic cohort studies have evaluated atrial flutter (flutter) as an arrhythmia distinct from atrial fibrillation (AF).
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the clinical correlates of flutter and its associated outcomes to distinguish them from those associated with AF in the Framingham Heart Study.
METHODS: We reviewed and adjudicated electrocardiograms (ECGs) previously classified as flutter or AF/flutter and another 100 ECGs randomly selected from AF cases. We examined the clinical correlates of flutter by matching up to 5 AF and 5 referents to each flutter case using a nested case referent design. We determined the 10-year outcomes associated with flutter with Cox models.
RESULTS: During mean follow-up of 33.0 +/- 12.2 years, 112 participants (mean age 72 +/- 10 years, 30% women) developed flutter. In multivariable analyses, smoking (odds ratio [OR] 2.84, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.54-5.23), increased PR interval (OR 1.28 per SD, 95% CI 1.03-1.60), myocardial infarction (OR 2.25, 95% CI 1.05-4.80) and heart failure (OR 5.22, 95% CI 1.26-21.64) were associated with incident flutter. In age- and sex-adjusted models, flutter (vs referents) was associated with 10-year increased risk of AF (hazard ratio [HR] 5.01, 95% CI 3.14-7.99), myocardial infarction (HR 3.05, 95% CI 1.42-6.59), heart failure (HR 4.14, 95% CI 1.90-8.99), stroke (HR 2.17, 95% CI 1.13-4.17), and mortality (HR 2.00, 95% CI 1.44-2.79).
CONCLUSION: We identified the clinical correlates associated with flutter and observed that flutter was associated with multiple adverse outcomes.
Keywords
UMCCTS funding, Atrial fibrillation, Atrial flutter, Epidemiology, Outcomes, Risk factors
DOI of Published Version
10.1016/j.hrthm.2015.07.031
Source
Heart Rhythm. 2016 Jan;13(1):233-40. doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2015.07.031. Epub 2015 Jul 28. Link to article on publisher's site
Related Resources
Journal/Book/Conference Title
Heart rhythm : the official journal of the Heart Rhythm Society
PubMed ID
26226213
Repository Citation
Rahman F, Wang N, Yin X, Ellinor PT, Lubitz SA, LeLorier PA, McManus DD, Sullivan LM, Seshadri S, Vasan RS, Benjamin EJ, Magnani JW. (2016). Atrial flutter: Clinical risk factors and adverse outcomes in the Framingham Heart Study. University of Massachusetts Medical School Faculty Publications. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrthm.2015.07.031. Retrieved from https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/faculty_pubs/958