UMass Chan Medical School Faculty Publications

Title

Primary endpoints of the biventricular pacing after cardiac surgery trial

UMMS Affiliation

School of Medicine

Publication Date

2013-9

Document Type

Article

Subjects

Aged; Arterial Pressure; Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy; Cardiac Surgical Procedures; Cardiopulmonary Bypass; Coronary Artery Bypass; Echocardiography; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Heart Function Tests; Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation; Humans; Linear Models; Male; Middle Aged; Postoperative Care; Reference Values; Risk Assessment; Stroke Volume; Survival Rate; Treatment Outcome; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left

Disciplines

Biophysics | Cardiology | Cardiovascular Diseases | Surgery | Surgical Procedures, Operative

Abstract

BACKGROUND: This study sought to determine whether optimized biventricular pacing increases cardiac index in patients at risk of left ventricular dysfunction after cardiopulmonary bypass. Procedures included coronary artery bypass, aortic or mitral surgery and combinations. This trial was approved by the Columbia University Institutional Review Board and was conducted under an Investigational Device Exemption.

METHODS: Screening of 6,346 patients yielded 47 endpoints. With informed consent, 61 patients were randomized to pacing or control groups. Atrioventricular and interventricular delays were optimized 1 (phase I), 2 (phase II), and 12 to 24 hours (phase III) after bypass in all patients. Cardiac index was measured by thermal dilution in triplicate. A 2-sample t test assessed differences between groups and subgroups.

RESULTS: Cardiac index was 12% higher (2.83+/-0.16 [standard error of the mean] vs 2.52+/-0.13 liters/minute/square meter) in the paced group, less than predicted and not statistically significant (p = 0.14). However, when aortic and aortic-mitral surgery groups were combined, cardiac index increased 29% in the paced group (2.90+/-0.19, n = 14) versus controls (2.24+/-0.15, n = 11) (p = 0.0138). Using a linear mixed effects model, t-test revealed that mean arterial pressure increased with pacing versus no pacing at all optimization points (phase I 79.2+/-1.7 vs 74.5+/-1.6 mm Hg, p = 0.008; phase II 75.9+/-1.5 vs 73.6+/-1.8, p = 0.006; phase III 81.9+/-2.8 vs 79.5+/-2.7, p = 0.002).

CONCLUSIONS: Cardiac index did not increase significantly overall but increased 29% after aortic valve surgery. Mean arterial pressure increased with pacing at 3 time points. Additional studies are needed to distinguish rate from resynchronization effects, emphasize atrioventricular delay optimization, and examine clinical benefits of temporary postoperative pacing. All rights reserved.

DOI of Published Version

10.1016/j.athoracsur.2013.04.101

Source

Ann Thorac Surg. 2013 Sep;96(3):808-15. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2013.04.101. Epub 2013 Jul 16. Link to article on publisher's site

Related Resources

Link to Article in PubMed

Journal/Book/Conference Title

The Annals of thoracic surgery

PubMed ID

23866800

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