UMass Chan Medical School Faculty Publications

Title

Longitudinal analysis of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine breakthrough infections reveal limited infectious virus shedding and restricted tissue distribution [preprint]

UMMS Affiliation

UMass Center for Clinical and Translational Research; Department of Emergency Medicine; Division of Biostatistics and Health Services Research, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine

Publication Date

2021-09-02

Document Type

Article Preprint

Disciplines

Immunology of Infectious Disease | Immunopathology | Immunoprophylaxis and Therapy | Infectious Disease | Microbiology | Virus Diseases

Abstract

The global effort to vaccinate people against SARS-CoV-2 in the midst of an ongoing pandemic has raised questions about the nature of vaccine breakthrough infections and the potential for vaccinated individuals to transmit the virus. These questions have become even more urgent as new variants of concern with enhanced transmissibility, such as Delta, continue to emerge. To shed light on how vaccine breakthrough infections compare with infections in immunologically naive individuals, we examined viral dynamics and infectious virus shedding through daily longitudinal sampling in a small cohort of adults infected with SARS-CoV-2 at varying stages of vaccination. The durations of both infectious virus shedding and symptoms were significantly reduced in vaccinated individuals compared with unvaccinated individuals. We also observed that breakthrough infections are associated with strong tissue compartmentalization and are only detectable in saliva in some cases. These data indicate that vaccination shortens the duration of time of high transmission potential, minimizes symptom duration, and may restrict tissue dissemination.

Keywords

Infectious Diseases, SARS-CoV-2, vaccination, breakthrough infections, COVID-19, UMCCTS funding

DOI of Published Version

10.1101/2021.08.30.21262701

Source

Ke R, Martinez PP, Smith RL, Gibson LL, Achenbach CJ, McFall S, Qi C, Jacob J, Dembele E, Bundy C, Simons LM, Ozer EA, Hultquist JF, Lorenzo-Redondo R, Opdycke AK, Hawkins C, Murphy RL, Mirza A, Conte M, Gallagher N, Luo CH, Jarrett J, Conte A, Zhou R, Farjo M, Rendon G, Fields CJ, Wang L, Fredrickson R, Baughman ME, Chiu KK, Choi H, Scardina KR, Owens AN, Broach J, Barton B, Lazar P, Robinson ML, Mostafa HH, Manabe YC, Pekosz A, McManus DD, Brooke CB. Longitudinal analysis of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine breakthrough infections reveal limited infectious virus shedding and restricted tissue distribution. medRxiv [Preprint]. 2021 Sep 2:2021.08.30.21262701. doi: 10.1101/2021.08.30.21262701. PMID: 34494028; PMCID: PMC8423226. Link to article on publisher's site

Comments

This article is a preprint. Preprints are preliminary reports of work that have not been certified by peer review.

Full author list omitted for brevity. For the full list of authors, see article.

Related Resources

Link to Article in PubMed

Journal/Book/Conference Title

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences

PubMed ID

34494028

Link to Full Text

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