University of Massachusetts Medical School Faculty Publications
Title
Is low iodine a risk factor for cardiovascular disease in Americans without thyroid dysfunction? Findings from NHANES
UMMS Affiliation
Clinical and Population Health Research Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; Department of Quantitative Health Sciences
Publication Date
2017-07-01
Document Type
Article
Disciplines
Cardiovascular Diseases
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Low body iodine levels are associated with cardiovascular disease, in part through alterations in thyroid function. While this association suggested from animal studies, it lacks supportive evidence in humans. This study examined the association between urine iodine levels and presence of coronary artery disease (CAD) and stroke in adults without thyroid dysfunction.
METHODS AND RESULTS: This cross-sectional study included 2440 adults (representing a weighted n = 91,713,183) aged > /=40 years without thyroid dysfunction in the nationally-representative 2007-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The age and sex-adjusted urine iodine/creatinine ratio (aICR) was categorized into low (aICR < 116 mug/day), medium (116 mug/day < /= aICR < 370mug/day), and high (aICR > /= 370mug/day) based on lowest/highest quintiles. Stroke and CAD were from self-reported physician diagnoses. We examined the association between low urine aICR and CAD or stroke using multivariable logistic regression modeling. The mean age of this population was 56.0 years, 47% were women, and three quarters were non-Hispanic whites. Compared with high urine iodine levels, multivariable adjusted odds ratios aOR (95% confidence intervals) for CAD were statistically significant for low, aOR = 1.97 (1.08-3.59), but not medium, aOR = 1.26 (0.75-2.13) urine iodine levels. There was no association between stroke and low, aOR = 1.12 (0.52-2.44) or medium, aOR = 1.48 (0.88-2.48) urine iodine levels.
CONCLUSION: The association between low urine iodine levels and CAD should be confirmed in a prospective study with serial measures of urine iodine. If low iodine levels precede CAD, then this potential and modifiable new CAD risk factor might have therapeutic implications.
Keywords
Adjusted iodine/creatinine ratio, Cardiovascular disease, Coronary artery disease, NHANES, Stroke
DOI of Published Version
10.1016/j.numecd.2017.06.001
Source
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2017 Jul;27(7):651-656. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2017.06.001. Epub 2017 Jun 15. Link to article on publisher's site
Related Resources
Journal/Book/Conference Title
Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD
PubMed ID
28689680
Repository Citation
Tran HV, Erskine NA, Kiefe CI, Barton BA, Lapane KL, Do V, Goldberg RJ. (2017). Is low iodine a risk factor for cardiovascular disease in Americans without thyroid dysfunction? Findings from NHANES. University of Massachusetts Medical School Faculty Publications. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2017.06.001. Retrieved from https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/faculty_pubs/1429
Comments
Hoang Tran and Nathaniel Erskine are doctoral students in the Clinical and Population Health Research Program in the Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences (GSBS) at UMass Medical School.