University of Massachusetts Medical School Faculty Publications
Title
Rapid Inflammasome Activation following Mucosal SIV Infection of Rhesus Monkeys
UMMS Affiliation
Department of Medicine, Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine; UMass Worcester Prevention Research Center
Publication Date
2016-04-21
Document Type
Article
Disciplines
Immunology and Infectious Disease
Abstract
The earliest events following mucosal HIV-1 infection, prior to measurable viremia, remain poorly understood. Here, by detailed necropsy studies, we show that the virus can rapidly disseminate following mucosal SIV infection of rhesus monkeys and trigger components of the inflammasome, both at the site of inoculation and at early sites of distal virus spread. By 24 hr following inoculation, a proinflammatory signature that lacked antiviral restriction factors was observed in viral RNA-positive tissues. The early innate response included expression of NLRX1, which inhibits antiviral responses, and activation of the TGF-beta pathway, which negatively regulates adaptive immune responses. These data suggest a model in which the virus triggers specific host mechanisms that suppress the generation of antiviral innate and adaptive immune responses in the first few days of infection, thus facilitating its own replication. These findings have important implications for the development of vaccines and other strategies to prevent infection.
DOI of Published Version
10.1016/j.cell.2016.03.021
Source
Cell. 2016 Apr 21;165(3):656-67. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.03.021. Epub 2016 Apr 13. Link to article on publisher's site
Related Resources
Journal/Book/Conference Title
Cell
PubMed ID
27085913
Repository Citation
Barouch DH, Kang H, Li W. (2016). Rapid Inflammasome Activation following Mucosal SIV Infection of Rhesus Monkeys. University of Massachusetts Medical School Faculty Publications. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2016.03.021. Retrieved from https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/faculty_pubs/1131
Comments
Full author list omitted for brevity. For full list of authors see article.