GSBS Program
Immunology & Virology Program
UMMS Affiliation
Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology
Date
10-1-2003
Document Type
Article
Medical Subject Headings
Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Cell Line; Chemokine CCL5; DNA-Binding Proteins; Humans; Interferon Regulatory Factor-3; Interferon Regulatory Factor-7; Lipopolysaccharides; Membrane Glycoproteins; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Molecular Sequence Data; NF-kappa B; RNA, Double-Stranded; RNA, Small Interfering; Receptors, Cell Surface; Signal Transduction; Toll-Like Receptor 3; Toll-Like Receptor 4; Toll-Like Receptors; Transcription Factors
Disciplines
Immunology and Infectious Disease | Life Sciences | Medicine and Health Sciences
Abstract
Toll-IL-1-resistance (TIR) domain-containing adaptor-inducing IFN-beta (TRIF)-related adaptor molecule (TRAM) is the fourth TIR domain-containing adaptor protein to be described that participates in Toll receptor signaling. Like TRIF, TRAM activates interferon regulatory factor (IRF)-3, IRF-7, and NF-kappaB-dependent signaling pathways. Toll-like receptor (TLR)3 and 4 activate these pathways to induce IFN-alpha/beta, regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), and gamma interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) expression independently of the adaptor protein myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88). Dominant negative and siRNA studies performed here demonstrate that TRIF functions downstream of both the TLR3 (dsRNA) and TLR4 (LPS) signaling pathways, whereas the function of TRAM is restricted to the TLR4 pathway. TRAM interacts with TRIF, MyD88 adaptor-like protein (Mal)/TIRAP, and TLR4 but not with TLR3. These studies suggest that TRIF and TRAM both function in LPS-TLR4 signaling to regulate the MyD88-independent pathway during the innate immune response to LPS.
Rights and Permissions
Citation: J Exp Med. 2003 Oct 6;198(7):1043-55. Epub 2003 Sep 29. Link to article on publisher's site